Pharma systems2 2023

What is the mechanism of action of bronchodilators?

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate use of estrogen therapy?

What organisms are 4th generation cephalosporins active against that 1st generation cephalosporins are not?

What is NOT part of the mechanism by which aminoglycosides interfere with protein synthesis in bacterial organisms?

In the standard regimen for tuberculosis treatment, which drug is stopped after 2 months in non-HIV patients?

 What is a similarity between terbinafine and griseofulvin?

What is the rationale for using interferon alpha in the management of hepatitis B?

 Which drug produces hematuria in toxic doses?

Enfuviritde treats which condition(s)?

Concomitant use of a proton pump inhibitor is most likely to affect the absorption of which protease inhibitor?

Which of the following is NOT an effect of beta-agonists?

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of estrogen therapy?

Which cephalosporin has the best coverage for methicillin-resistant staphylococci?

What statement about aminoglycosides is INCORRECT?

What is one mechanism of bacterial resistance to ciprofloxacin?

Which anti-herpes drug is a prodrug of acyclovir?

The pfcrt gene allows for resistance to which drug?

What is the mechanism of action of praziquantel?

Which test identifies if a patient’s HIV strain has CCR5 tropism?

 Which drug is least likely to alter cholesterol and triglyceride levels?

Which common food product causes effects that are similar to those of methylxanthine?

Which of the following is the latest time after unprotected sex for the effective use of emergency oral contraceptive pills?

What best describes the pharmacologic structure of sulfapenems?

 Which statement about aminoglycoside toxicity is INCORRECT?

 In an HIV patient, what organism can be treated with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim?

Which anti-herpes drug is NOT an obligate chain terminator?

Which drug is associated with nightmares?

What is the mechanism of action of niclosamide?

Fostemsavir is a prodrug of what?

Which protease inhibitor is most often used to boost the effect of other protease inhibitors?

Which of the following best describes the effect of tamoxifen in the breast and the uterus?

What statement about carbapenems is INCORRECT?

What class of antibiotics are frequently co-administered with aminoglycosides?

Which vitamin is commonly used with antituberculosis drugs?

What is NOT associated with acyclovir and ganciclovir toxicity?

Which drug can cause aplastic anemia?

Which statement is correct regarding the management of amebic liver abscess?

What is a monoclonal antibody that binds CD4 cells and is used for multidrug-resistant HIV?

Why is bacitracin NOT used parenterally?

 A 34-year-old male is rushed to the ER with severe dyspnea. He mentions he is having an asthmatic attack but forgot his inhaler at home. Which of the following medications would NOT be suitable to treat this acute exacerbation?

 A 67-year-old woman with a family history of osteoporosis comes to your clinic requesting prophylactic therapy to prevent bone loss. She has no personal or family history of breast cancer. You recommend calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Which of the following would you consider most appropriate for further prophylactic treatment against osteoporosis in this patient?

What must be monitored when administering daptomycin?

What are the antimetabolite antibacterial agents?

What is an example of an antifungal in the nucleic acid synthesis blocker class?

What is the advantage of using valacyclovir over acyclovir?

What is the mechanism of action of artesunate?

Which pairing is correct?

Which findings are most consistent with the side effect profile of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

 What is the mechanism of action of dapsone?

Which of the following best describes omalizumab?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of leuprolide?

What statement about narrow-spectrum bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors is CORRECT?

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim is useful against bladder infections. What pharmacological property of the drug allows it to be effective in this situation?

Which antifungal drug is associated with visual blurring of an unknown cause in up to 30% of patients?

What is NOT useful in the management of cryptococcal infections?

Which drug is used in areas with multidrug-resistant malaria?

What is an adverse effect of streptomycin?

What best describes highly active retroviral therapy (HAART)?

When is prophylaxis for mycobacterium avium complex initiated?

Mouth pain is an adverse effect of which of the following humanized monoclonal antibodies?

A woman comes to your clinic for a legal abortion at eight weeks gestation. You recommend a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol. What side effects are you NOT concerned with when treating patients with this regimen?

Which class of bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors works by preventing the binding of incoming tRNA?

In a patient who develops an allergic reaction to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, what other drug(s) should be avoided or monitored closely due to cross-reaction?

What is a side effect associated with ketoconazole?

Which pairing is correct?

Which drug is used as a first-line drug in areas with chloroquine-resistant malaria?

How does amikacin inhibit protein synthesis?

 Which nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor is most likely associated with a severe hypersensitivity reaction?

Which medication is a DNA polymerase inhibitor?

Which of the following statements is correct?

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of testosterone therapy?

 What best defines the term bacteriostatic?

 What is one toxicity of fluoroquinolones?

What is the only azole with activity against Rhizopus infections (e.g., mucormycosis)?

What is the mechanism of action of chloroquine?

Why is rifabutin preferred over rifampin for the treatment of patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection?

What best defines the trans-activator of transcription (Tat)?

What percent of patients on nevirapine are likely to develop a rash?

Which of the following humanized monoclonal antibodies bind to IgE on sensitized mast cells?

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of testosterone therapy in women?

What statement about linezolid is INCORRECT?

 Which fluoroquinolone undergoes hepatic clearance?

What is NOT a similarity between nystatin and amphotericin B?

Which is inhibited by zanamivir?

A young woman comes to you complaining of itching in the genital area, a bad-smelling thin discharge, and dyspareunia. Which drug will be your first choice of treatment?

What is the mechanism of action of bedaquiline?

What are the viral surface proteins that act as a bridge between the human immunodeficiency virus and host cell walls?

Which medication is most likely to cause lactic acidosis in a patient receiving HAART?

Which patient is least likely to benefit from estrogen therapy?

A 19-year-old male sports enthusiast presents to your psychiatry clinic with his family because of repeated outbursts of anger resulting in police involvement. On physical exam he is very well muscled with moderate acne on his face and back. What is highest on your differential?

What statement about Gray baby syndrome is INCORRECT?

What statement about fluoroquinolones is INCORRECT?

What is a primary indication for nystatin administration?

Which agent does not require dose adjustment in renal failure?

 Which drug is an amebicide in its freebase form?

What is an indication for bedaquiline?

Which drug is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor?

Which statement regarding vancomycin is false?

Which of the following is NOT a side effect of DES (diethylstilbestrol)?

Which tissues respond to 5-alpha reductase inhibitors?

What is a first-line agent used to treat M. tuberculosis?

What is an amphotericin B toxicity?

 Which anti-hepatitis drug is a nucleoside inhibitor?

A patient comes to you with thyroid enlargement. He mentions recent treatment for an infection by a parasite, but can’t recall the name of the medication. Which drug would be the most likely cause of the thyroid enlargement?

What makes a patient more prone to developing QT prolongation while taking delamanid?

Which medication is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is used more commonly to prevent vertical HIV transmission at birth?

Which statement is false?

Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of the “morning-after pill”?

Why is testosterone not given as oral medication?

What resistance mechanism have Enterobacteriaceae developed against macrolides?

Which statement about antituberculosis therapy is INCORRECT?

 What is an adverse effect of rifampin?

Which statement regarding adefovir is NOT correct?

Which amebicide is also an aminoglycoside?

 What is the mechanism of action of echinocandins?

Coadministration of which drug will increase blood levels of delavirdine?

Which statement is false?

Estrogen use increases the risk of which of the following conditions?

Which statement about penicillins is FALSE?

What statement about azithromycin is INCORRECT?

A patient being treated for tuberculosis develops restless leg syndrome. What CORRECTLY describes the management of this scenario?

What statement is correct regarding tuberculosis?

A patient comes to you with a chronic hepatitis C infection. He also has peptic ulcer disease and for which he is taking proton pump inhibitors. Which drug would you NOT prescribe?

Which drug has activity in the bowel wall?

What is true about echinocandins?

How does rifampin affect the metabolism of raltegravir?

Which statement regarding tenofovir disoproxil is false?

 The addition of progestin to long-term estrogen therapy is most likely to reduce the risk of which of the following conditions?

What is the mechanism of methicillin resistance?

Which statement about tetracyclines is INCORRECT?

 Which antituberculosis drug works by inhibiting the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase?

What toxicity is associated with flucytosine administration?

Which anti-hepatitis drug is contraindicated in pregnancy?

A young boy is brought by his parents to your office complaining of abdominal pain and swelling. The family lives on a farm. On barium X-ray, you see a large intraluminal mass of worm-like organisms obstructing the ileum. Which drug will be the best option of treatment for this patient?

 What is an echinocandin that most likely interferes with cyclosporine metabolism?

 What best describes the mechanism of action of bevirimat?

Which statement regarding tenofovir alafenamide is false?

Which of the following medications is NOT used in asthma?

 Which of the following represents the correct sequence (from left to right) of hormone secretion from the hypothalamus to the gonads?

Which antimicrobial has the strongest activity against gram-negative organisms?

 What is a common indication for doxycycline?

What may be found in up to 40% of patients taking pyrazinamide?

Which drug may be combined with flucytosine to create a synergistic anti-fungal effect?

What is the mechanism of action of zanamivir?

 Which drug is given in a single-dose regimen to treat cutaneous larva migrans?

Rimantadine most likely exerts its antiviral effects through which mechanism?

What medication may cause esophageal ulceration?

Which of the following best describes airways in end-stage asthma?

Which of the following is a selective receptor antagonist of estrogen?

Regarding cephalosporins, which statement is TRUE?

What is NOT a common adverse effect of tetracyclines?

Which medication may cause vitamin B6 deficiency?

Which statement about griseofulvin is INCORRECT?

Which statement is correct regarding the management of CMV retinitis?

A patient comes to you and complains of a sensation of something moving in their eye. On examination, you notice a worm in the subconjunctival tissue. Which drug will you prescribe him?

What prevents the viral fusion of HIV-1 to a target host cell?

Which group of anti-HIV medications is most likely to cause altered fat distribution?