ENT 2023

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Ménière’s disease?

Which of the following conditions is LEAST likely to cause vertigo?

Which of the following sinuses is least developed before the age of 10 years?

A 74-year-old woman presents to the emergency department complaining of skin lesions over her left chest. She also describes pain and paresthesia over the same region for the previous 2 days. Her medical history is significant for diabetes mellitus type 2. Physical examination reveals tender vesicles over her left chest. Moreover, skin lesions don’t cross the midline and are limited to the T4 dermatome. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

In which of the following structures does the latent infection of herpes simplex viruses develop?

Which of the following vaccines dramatically reduces the risk of epiglottitis in children in the USA?

Which of the following histological features is most characteristic of pemphigus vulgaris?

What allows for bacterial super infections during an influenza infection?

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

 The typical incubation period of classic acute influenza infection in adults is…?

Which of the following is a rare but dreaded complication of Fusobacterium necrophorum pharyngitis?

Which of these is a risk factor for melanoma?

Which of the following statements regarding benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is correct?

Which of the following conditions is primarily a peripheral cause of vertigo?

Which of the following is not a common pathogen in bacterial sinusitis?

Which of the following statements is correct regarding herpes simplex virus 1 infections?

Which of the following part of the human brain is most likely to be involved in sporadic encephalitis caused by herpes simplex virus 1?

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of epiglottitis?

Erythema multiforme is a less common association of which of the following?

Who is least likely to suffer from morbidity and mortality effects of an influenza viral infection?

Which of the following genomic types does the influenza virus contain?

Which of the following terms best describes the gradual, minor mutations in the genomes of the influenza viruses that may eventually lead to an epidemic?

 Which of the following skin conditions can be locally aggressive?

Which of the following triads best defines acute pharyngitis?

Which of the following bacterial pathogens is the most common cause of acute otitis media?

In which of the following is the primary auditory cortex located?

Which of the following is the most common cause of obstruction of the ostia of the paranasal sinuses?

Which of the following best defines acute sinusitis in chlildren?

Which of the following tests is best for disseminated HSV in an infant?

 An immune-mediated hypersensitivity rash resulting most commonly from infection by herpes simplex virus 1 is known as which of the following?

Which of the following is the radiological finding of epiglottitis?

Which of the following statements regarding the clinical manifestations of erythema multiforme is TRUE?

 What is the vaccination efficacy against influenza?

Which of the following surface proteins do scientists use for subtypes of the influenza A virus?

Which of the following tests is preferred in the diagnosis of influenza viruses from nasal secretions?

Among the following age groups diagnosed with acute pharyngitis, which group is most likely to have group A Streptococcus?

Which of the following is a feature of benign melanocytic nevi?

Which of the following is the most common viral cause of otitis media?

Which of the following is a local, rather than systemic, cause of sinus obstruction?

Which of the following typical symptoms of acute sinusitis is more commonly found in adults than in children?

Which of the following findings would be most concerning for possible HSV infection?

The causative pathogen of herpes labialis remains dormant in which of the following?

What disease is associated with lichen planus?

Which of the following groups of drugs is least likely to cause erythema multiforme?

 Which statement best describes the difference between antigenic drift versus antigenic shift?

Which of the following most accurately reflects the size of the influenza A particle?

Keratin pearls seen in a skin biopsy are most suggestive of which of the following diseases?

Which of the following is NOT a virulence factor of group A Streptococci?

A 1-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician because of fever, refusal to eat, and rash. The child is alert. His temperature is 38.4 °C (101.1 °F). Several small macules, vesicles and oral ulcers are found on the tongue and buccal mucosa. Skin examination shows maculopapular and vesicular lesions on the hands and feet. Which pathogen is the most common cause of this syndrome?

Which of the following best defines bullous myringitis?

Which of the following is the most likely mechanism by which cigarette smoking contributes to the higher incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis among smokers?

Which of the following is the initial antibiotic of choice in children with acute uncomplicated bacterial sinusitis?

What is the route of Herpes simplex infection in a neonate?

Which of the following refers to the typical lesions caused by herpes simplex viruses?

A 38-year-old woman being treated for hepatitis C presents with pruritic, polygonal, violaceous papules and plaques localized to a small area over the trunk. What is the recommended treatment?

Which of the following is true of erythema multiforme minor?

How is the influenza virus transmitted?

How many segments compose the single-stranded RNA nucleoprotein of the influenza A virus?

An elderly man presents with a scaly hyperkeratotic umbilicated papule on his lower lip. Histological examination shows atypical keratinocytes arising from the epidermis and infiltrating the dermis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

What is the size of excision disease-free margin required for melanoma with 1 mm depth?

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of acute otitis media in a young child?

Exposure to which of the following is a common cause of otitis externa?

Which of the following conditions refers to nasal congestion that is triggered by the overuse of topical vasoconstrictive medications, most notably intranasal decongestants?

Which of the following is a consequence of a missed septal hematoma of the nose?

When is the treatment with acyclovir typically initiated in a neonate with suspected HSV?

Which of the following is considered the most likely viral etiology if a diagnosis of herpangina is established in a patient presenting with sore throat and painful vesiculopapular lesions on the soft palate?

Which of the following is associated with bullous pemphigoid?

Which of the following complications is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis?

Which influenza virus(es) can cause pandemics?

Which of the following is the most common cause of death in a patient with an influenza infection?

What is the biggest risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the skin?

Which of the following most commonly cause acute pharyngitis?

 A 12-year-old boy has sore throat, fever, tender and swollen anterior cervical nodes, and bilateral tonsillar exudates for 2 days. He has no coryza, conjunctivitis, cough, hoarseness, anterior stomatitis, discrete ulcerative lesions or vesicles, or diarrhea. What is the next best step in management?

 Which of the following pathogens are the most common causes of bacterial otitis media in otherwise healthy children?

Which of the following is the most appropriate therapy for a 7-year-old boy with a clinical diagnosis of acute otitis externa?

Which of the following is LEAST likely to increase the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis?

Which of the following is the most appropriate initial step in the management of a 1st-time anterior nose bleed in a 5-year-old child who is otherwise normal?

Which of the numerically labeled members of the Herpesviridae family correctly corresponds with the Epstein-Barr virus?

Sudden onset severe, paroxysmal chest pain associated with fever and headache caused by the Coxsackie B virus is known as…?

Which of the following statements regarding bullous pemphigoid is TRUE?

Which of the following medications is associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

Which sign or symptom would suggest a primary viral pneumonia due to influenza over a typical influenza illness?

Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy in severe H1N1 influenza A infection?

Which of the following body parts is most affected by basal cell carcinoma?

A melanoma with depth >4 mm requires at a minimum what margin for excision?

Which of the following statements is true regarding melanoma?

Which of the following vaccinations helps reduce the risk of bacterial acute otitis media in children?

A child presents with fever, pain and tenderness behind the ear auricle and auricular proptosis. He has a recent history of otitis media. A CT scan shows opacification of mastoid air cells on the ipsilateral side. Which of the following organisms is the most likely cause?

Which of the following is true regarding epistaxis?

The Epstein-Barr virus primarily infects and achieves latency in which of the following?

Which of the following refers to the management of choice for acute, severe chest pain occurring as a manifestation of Bornholm disease?

Bullous pemphigoid is classified as a type II hypersensitivity reaction in which IgG autoantibodies attack hemidesmosome-associated structures and impair their function, which leads to…

Which of the following is a characteristic of Stevens-Johnson syndrome?

A 56-year-old patient with Type II diabetes reports fever, sore, throat, cough, and significant myalgias about 5 days ago. She started to feel better on day 4 of her illness and considered going back to her desk job, but the next day had a recurrence of high fevers, a sudden increase in malaise, increased productive cough, and some mild dyspnea when active. What is the likely infectious agent causing this resurgence of symptoms?

 Which of the following is least appropriate in the management of a 45-year-old woman with severe influenza infection?

A 4-year-old boy is brought to your office because of left ear pain for one day. He has no history of a serious illness. He has a mild fever. His respiratory rate and heart rate are within normal limits. He does not appear in any distress and is playing with a toy car on the office bench. Physical examination shows lymphadenopathy of the anterior neck without tonsilar exudates or rash. Otoscopy shows a slightly bulging left tympanic membrane. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

A child presents with systemic toxicity. Pharyngeal examination shows a gray membrane that is tightly adherent to the underlying tissue. Dislodgement of the membrane results in bleeding. This is a typical presentation of which of the following pathogens?

Which of the following statements is correct?

A 3-year-old boy with tympanostomy tubes is brought to the clinic for a routine follow up of his chronic ear infections. In your office, he is chewing gum, and very playful. He is up to date on all his vaccines and he goes to daycare 5 days a week while mom works two part-time jobs as a single parent. His mom smokes cigarettes but tries to avoid smoking in the house, though she does smoke in the car with windows down. Mom’s main concern today is that her son refuses to eat any vegetables and often skips dinner altogether, but then asks for chips late at night before going to bed, which she usually gives him because she doesn’t want him going to bed hungry and he just won’t eat anything else. What are his risk factors for recurrent ear infections?

A child presents with fever, pain and tenderness behind the ear auricle and auricular proptosis. He has a recent history of otitis media. A CT scan shows opacification of mastoid air cells on the ipsilateral side. Which of the following is the most appropriate type of management?

Which pathogen is the most common cause of the common cold syndrome?

Which of the following is the most common cause of viral stomatitis in children?

Which of the following antibiotics is typically associated with induction of a hypersensitivity rash in a patient with infectious mononucleosis?

Damage to which of the following structures by the poliovirus results in flaccid paralysis?Lower motor neurons

Which of the following is true regarding pemphigus vulgaris?

Which of the following structures are most likely to be primarily infected as a result of exposure of the upper respiratory tract to the mumps virus?

Which of the following patients is NOT at a particularly increased risk of developing primary influenza viral pneumonia?

The influenza virus infection is most common during which of the following seasons?

Which of the following has been shown to decrease the rates of ear infections in children under 2 years old?

Which of the following conclusions is most appropriate when the rapid antigen detection test for group A Streptococcus is used?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the prognosis of melanoma?

Which of the following patient profiles is most susceptible to eustachian tube dysfunction?

Which statement is the most accurate with respect to the vestibular system?

Which of the following is the most common causative pathogen in bacterial sinusitis?

Which of the following is NOT commonly used to treat stomatitis?

Downey cells appreciated on the blood smear of a patient suffering from Epstein-Barr virus-induced infectious mononucleosis are best described by which of the following?

Development of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis is usually a consequence of infection by which of the following enteroviruses?

Which of the following is associated with porphyria cutanea tarda?

Which of the following types of vaccine is used for the prevention of infection by mumps virus?

In an otherwise healthy patient infected by Influenza C, what is the best treatment?

Which of the following influenza A viral strains has NOT been shown to affect humans?

Which of the following is a risk factor for otitis media in children?

What is the best procedure for diagnosing melanoma?

What is the role of HPV E7 protein?

What is the most common initial event that leads to bacterial acute otitis media in children?

To which of the following do the cochlear nerve fibers transmit nerve impulses?

Which statement is the most accurate with respect to the vestibular system pathway?

Which of the following findings most reliably distinguishes bacterial sinusitis from a viral upper respiratory tract infection in a child?

A 24-year-old woman presents with painful, small vesicles on the vermilion border of the lower lip, and she states she has been under a lot of stress lately. What is the most likely cause of this condition?

Which part of the brain is most commonly involved in HSV encephalitis?

Which of the following physical findings is most consistent with a retropharyngeal abscess?

What is the classic clinical presentation of pemphigus vulgaris?

A 13-year-old boy presents with a rash for 24 hours. He has had sore throat and fatigue for one week. He has been taking amoxicillin for 3 days. On physical examination, the rash is maculopapular and covers the entire body. Cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly are palpated. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?

What is the mechanism of action of Amantadine?

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A 67-year-old White man presents to the clinic with multiple scaly, brownish papules over his scalp. On physical examination, they have a sandpaper-like texture. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 29-year-old patient has 4 days of sore throat and right sided ear ache. She denies any fevers or cough. On physical examination, her ears appear normal except for slight clear air fluid level behind the tympanic membrane on the right. She has no tonsillar exudate, or anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Based on the modified Centor criteria, what is the predicted risk of her having group A Streptococcal pharyngitis?

Which HPV protein targets p53 for degradation?

Which of the following is the most common viral cause of otitis media?

 Which statement is the most accurate with respect to vertigo classification?

 A 42-year-old smoker presents with complaints of fevers, headaches, and congestion with thick mucoid nasal discharge. His symptoms had initially improved but then worsened over a 10-day time period. What is the next best step in management?

 What is the recommended treatment for painful oral herpetic lesions?

What of the following is typically seen in HSV encephalitis?

Which of the following is a typically absent finding in retropharyngeal abscess?

What is the first-line treatment of pemphigus vulgaris?

What structure(s) of the influenza orthomyxovirus allows it to ingress and egress from target respiratory cells?

 Which of the following medications is an oral drug against Influenza B?

Which of the following is the hemagglutinin molecule composed of?

An 8-month-old child has been diagnosed with acute otitis media based on symptoms and physical examination. Which of the following is the most appropriate management at this time?

An 80-year-old woman has small, gray-brown spots on the backs of her hands and wrists that are sharply circumscribed and homogenously pigmented macules. What is the most likely diagnosis?

All of the following options are valid for the treatment of human papillomavirus skin lesions EXCEPT…?

Approximately what percentage of children have at least 1 episode of acute otitis media by the age of 3-4 years?

In sensorineural hearing loss, which of the following is the most common findings?

Which statement is the most accurate with respect to benign paroxysmal positional vertigo?

What is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated acute sinusitis?

Which of the following is the MOST probable organism responsible for a painful, red, vesicular eruption in the vulvovaginal region?

Which of the following is the most accurate diagnostic test in the management of HSV?

 Normally on a lateral neck film, the space between the cervical vertebrae and the open pharynx will be less than…?

Which of the following is associated with staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome?

What gives the influenza virus it’s variability every year?

A 35-year-old patient comes into the clinic with 3 days of fever, cough, and myalgias. She does not have any dyspnea or cyanosis. She is asking for medication to make the “miserable disease go away.” What is the best next step in management?

Which of the following is least likely to occur with influenza A infection?

Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for squamous cell carcinoma?

A 52-year-old woman presents to your office because of a sore throat, cough, and fatigue for the last five days. On physical examination, she is afebrile, no tonsillar exudates or swelling observed, and she does not have palpable lymphadenopathy. What is her score on the modified Centor criteria?

 Anogenital warts are commonly associated with which of the following human papillomavirus serotypes?

 Which of the following statements regarding the Weber test is most accurate?

 Which of the following is the most accurate with respect to vestibular migraines?

For a patient with sinusitis accompanied by eye-movement deficits, what is the recommended plan?

Which of the following is a possible dangerous complication in an infant born via the vaginal route to a mother who has untreated or subclinical genital herpes?

An 18-day-old girl is brought to the ER after a seizure episode. She was delivered vaginally at term and does not have any medical conditions. If encephalitis is suspected, which of the following is the most likely causative agent?

Which of the following is NOT a common treatment choice in a patient with retropharyngeal abscess?

Autoantibodies to desmogleins, integral structures for cell-to-cell adhesion, cause intraepithelial cleavage with acantholysis (detached keratinocytes) primarily localized to the suprabasal region. This is a histopathologic description of which of the following conditions?

What is the function of the HA (hemagglutinin) spike on the influenza virus?

How does the World Health Organisation (WHO) make recommendations regarding influenza vaccinations for the Northern hemisphere?

The genome of Orthomyxoviridae is best described by which of the following?

Which of the following is an appropriate therapy for chronic otitis media?

 Which of the following is a poor prognostic factor for melanoma?

 Which of the following would be caused by a lesion of the inferior colliculus (central lesion)?

In the conductive hearing loss, which of the following patterns will be seen between air conduction (AC) and bone conduction (BC)?

Which statement is the most accurate with respect to acute vestibular syndrome?