March 2022 Block Two

What type of breast lump is commonly seen in young girls?

What joint allows for pronation to occur?

What kind of dietary modifications should be made for a patient with fat malabsorption?

What is the most common risk factor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Which of the following signs suggests the possibility of an ectopic pregnancy?

What condition is indicated by sudden weakness of the lower limb without a history of trauma or other obvious cause?

What is the term used to describe the movement of solutes in opposite directions across cell membranes?

Which of the following is a hallmark of Coarctation of the aorta?

What is the recommended procedure for treating a case of tension pneumothorax?

What are the primary excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Where is the hormone renin released from?

What nerve primarily innervates the thoracoabdominal diaphragm?

Which type of symptoms are commonly seen in patients with miliary tuberculosis?

What is the final destination of the right ovarian vein?

Why are nerves unable to become fatigued?

Which of the following is a symptom of dementia in elderly women?

Which test is used to diagnose Beta Thalassemia?

What happens to cells when the oxygen supply to the tissue is reduced?

Which bacteria is most commonly responsible for Otitis externa, an infection of the outer ear canal?

What is the most likely cause of a patient’s difficulty swallowing food, recurrent coughing, bad breath, and unexplained weight loss?

What is the origin point used to measure the vertex presentation diameter in obstetrics?

Which of the following is the most common cause of acute cholangitis?

What diagnostic test is commonly used to diagnose Zenker diverticulum?

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Which of the following represents the change in hydrogen ion concentration when pH decreases from 7.5 to 6.5?

What medical condition is indicated by pain in the periumbilical region along with rebound tenderness in the right iliac fossa (RIF) and anorexia?

What is the most likely cause of a nurse’s back pain, weakness in the lower limbs, and difficulty urinating after carrying a heavy weight?

What is the expected change in urine levels of urea and creatinine during pregnancy?

What medical condition is indicated by secondary amenorrhea due to multiple dilation and curettage (D&C) procedures?

What is the most likely diagnosis for a person who has undergone a right hemicolectomy and presents with decreased right-sided breath sounds, limited movement in the right chest, fever, nasal flaring, and shortness of breath?

What is the term used to describe a lump between the breasts with a punctum and skin attachment?

Which of the following surgical procedures may be performed in a patient with post-atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis?

What amino acid is replaced in sickle cell disease?

What stage is a breast tumour measuring 7cm, with skin changes, attachment to the skin, and matted lymph nodes not spreading to supra- or infraclavicular nodes, and no evidence of metastasis?

What nerve supplies the masseter muscle?

What screening test is often performed for cervical cancer after a patient experiences post-coital bleeding?

What imaging finding is often indicative of sigmoid volvulus?

What type of renal tumour is typically characterized by clear cytoplasm and compact nested or acinar growth pattern with delicate vasculature?

Which family of viruses includes measles and mumps?

What is the reason for not recommending Captopril during pregnancy?

Does smoking have an effect on the development of leukemia?

What is often associated with a sluggish pupil reflex?

What is the primary reason for the left ventricle functioning more than the right ventricle?

What is the criteria used to assess the efficacy and tolerance of Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) in a patient?

What is the typical slow wave frequency seen in the duodenum?

What is a likely cause of bleeding and respiratory distress in a premature baby who does not have liver carboxylase deficiency?

What condition is indicated by a swelling located inferior and anterior to the ear that raises the earlobe?

What does Menarche refer to?

What is the cause of primary open-angle glaucoma?

What treatment is recommended for a patient who has recently experienced a myocardial infarction (MI) and presents with a mild fever, pleuritic pain, and no pericardial rub?