DNA Replication Biochemistry 2023

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Question 1 of 16

1. Question
Which of the following is true regarding polymerase proofreading?
- It is due to a 5’ to 3’ exonuclease activity of a DNA polymerase.
- It involves changes in the parent DNA strand.
- It comes from the 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity of some DNA polymerases.
- It is present on all DNA polymerases.
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Question 2 of 16

2. Question
Which of the following statements about E. coli DNA polymerase I is NOT true?
- It has a hand-like structure.
- It replicates short fragments.
- It has three enzymatic activities.
- It has a high processivity.
- It does not use clamp protein.
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Question 3 of 16

3. Question
Which of the following is true about DNA polymerase processivity?
- DNA polymerases with high processivity remain on the DNA molecule for a longer period of time.
- It refers to how fast it associates with DNA.
- It is destabilized by the beta clamp.
- It increases when the enzyme moves to different strands rapidly.
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Question 4 of 16

4. Question
Which of the following statements about reverse transcriptase is NOT true?
- It is a DNA polymerase in retroviruses.
- It uses RNA as a template to make DNA.
- It has high fidelity.
- It uses deoxyribonucleotides.
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Question 5 of 16

5. Question
Which of the following is true of helicase in E. coli?
- It is found behind the DNA polymerase
- It assists in the re-winding of DNA after the replication fork passes
- It operates by unwinding the DNA strand
- It helps in the formation of base pairs
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Question 6 of 16

6. Question
What is the role of SSB proteins?
- They help in the recoiling of newly synthesized DNA around the parental strand to recreate the duplex form.
- They open the double-stranded form of DNA to single strands.
- They help the DNA polymerase during the proofreading after the completion of replication.
- They help maintain the integrity of the ssDNA so that it does not break.
- They uncoil the DNA helix for replication.
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Question 7 of 16

7. Question
Which of the following is NOT correctly related to DNA replication?
- DNA pol I — 3’-5’ exonuclease activity
- SSB proteins — help in the synthesis of RNA primer during replication
- Helicase — conversion of dsDNA into single-stranded form
- Topoisomerase Type 1 — relax the positively or negatively supercoiled DNA
- DNA gyrase — introduce negative supercoils into DNA by using ATP
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Question 8 of 16

8. Question
Which of the following is true of Okazaki fragments?
- They occur in the lagging strand.
- They are not found in eukaryotic cells.
- They refer to the short RNA primers used to start DNA replication.
- They are made 3’ to 5’.
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Question 9 of 16

9. Question
Which of the following is true of telomeres?
- They grow in length with each round of replication.
- They are made by copying a short DNA template repeatedly.
- They are created and destroyed by the enzyme known as telomerase.
- They are short repeated sequences present at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.
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Question 10 of 16

10. Question
Which of the following is true of telomerase?
- It is active in almost every cell.
- It makes cells cancerous when inhibited.
- It uses DNA ligase.
- It makes telomeres by repeatedly copying a short RNA.
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Question 11 of 16

11. Question
Which of the following statements about DNA repair is NOT true?
- It can fix thymine dimers.
- It requires unusual DNA polymerases.
- It can cut out damaged bases.
- Defects in repair are linked to cancer in humans.
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Question 12 of 16

12. Question
Which of the following enzymes plays an important role in making the lagging strand a continuous strand?
- DNA gyrase
- DNA ligase
- DNA polymerase III
- Primase
- Helicase
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Question 13 of 16

13. Question
What happens with each cycle of replication in eukaryotic cells?
- The sex chromosomes join at the free ends by covalent bonding.
- The length of each gene is reduced to half.
- The length of chromosomes keeps on increasing.
- The length of chromosomes keeps on reducing.
- The number of chromosomes decreases.
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Question 14 of 16

14. Question
Which of the following statements regarding DNA replication is FALSE?
- It requires an RNA polymerase.
- A helicase unwinds the DNA strands.
- It requires a DNA polymerase.
- Replication starts at the origin sequence.
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Question 15 of 16

15. Question
Which of the following is NOT associated correctly?
- Thymine dimer repair — photoreactivation repair
- Nucleotide excision repair deficiency — xeroderma pigmentosum
- UV damage — thymine dimer formation
- Mismatch repair deficiency — nonpolyposis colorectal cancer
- The visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum — cause damage during DNA replication
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Question 16 of 16

16. Question
Which of the following statements about DNA replication is NOT true?
- Primase is responsible for making the primer, necessary to start the process.
- DNA ligase joins together Okazaki fragments.
- Replication in the lagging strand is continuous.
- DNA Polymerase I removes the RNA primer.
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